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Glycoside Hydrolase Family 16

Activities in Family[retaining] β-1,3-glucanosyltransglucosidase (EC 2.4.1.-);
β-transglycosidase (EC 2.4.1.-);
Chitin β-1,3/1,6-glucanosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.-);
Xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase (EC 2.4.1.207);
GlcNAc-α-1,4-Gal-releasing endo-β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.-);
[retaining] β-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.-);
α-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.-);
β-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.-);
Endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.-);
Keratan-sulfate endo-β-1,4-galactosidase / keratanase (EC 3.2.1.103);
Xyloglucan-specific endo-β-1,4-glucanase / endo-xyloglucanase (EC 3.2.1.151);
[retaining] β-porphyranase (EC 3.2.1.178);
Endo-β-1,3-galactanase (EC 3.2.1.181);
β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21);
β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23);
Hyaluronidase / hyaluronoglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.35);
Endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.39);
Endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase / lichenase-laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.6);
Lichenase / endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.73);
β-agarase (EC 3.2.1.81);
κ-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.83);
Mechanism Retaining e
ClanGH-B
3D Structure Statusβ-jelly roll
Catalytic Nucleophile/BaseGlu (experimental)
Catalytic Proton DonorGlu (experimental)
NoteMany members have been assigned to subfamilies as described by Viborg et al. (2019) J Biol Chem. 2019 Sep 9 (PMID: 31501245).
External resourcesCAZypedia; HOMSTRAD; PRINTS; PROSITE; XTH-World;
Commercial Enzyme Provider(s)MEGAZYME; NZYTech; PROZOMIX;
Statistics GenBank accession (20310); Uniprot accession (249); PDB accession (112); 3D entries (55); cryst (1)
Summary
Download GH16 (35779) Taxonomic display Structure (55 - 1 cryst) Characterized (241)
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Archaea
Protein Name EC#ReferenceOrganismGenBank UniprotPDB/3D Subf
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (LamA; PF0076) (Lam16) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638 AAC25554.2
AAL80200.1
NP_577805.1		 E7FHE7
O73951		 2VY0[A,B] 3
Bacteria
Protein Name EC#ReferenceOrganismGenBank UniprotPDB/3D Subf
 lichenase B (LicB;CtLic16A;Cthe_0211) (Lic16A) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Acetivibrio thermocellus ATCC 27405 ABN51452.1
CAA44959.1		 A3DBX3 3WVJ[A,B] 21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (LicA;CtGlc16A;Cthe_2809) (Glc16A=Lic16A) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Acetivibrio thermocellus ATCC 27405 ABN54008.1 A3DJ79   3
 lichenase A / laminarinase (LicA) (Lic16A) 3.2.1.6
3.2.1.73		 pubmed
pubmed
 Acetivibrio thermocellus DSM 1237 CAA61884.2 Q59328 cryst 3
 endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase (LicA) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Acetivibrio thermocellus F7 CAC27412.2 Q59328   3
 endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (LicB;LicMB) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Acetivibrio thermocellus ZJL4 / ATCC 27405 AAO74890.1 Q84C00   21
 β-agarase (AgaB34) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Agarivorans albus YKW-34 ABW77762.1 A8W969   16
 β-agarase (AgaJA3;Hz4) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Agarivorans sp. JA-1 / HZ105 ADY17921.1 F1CZG0   16
 β-agarase (AgaA) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Agarivorans sp. LQ48 ACM50513.1 C9WIW7   16
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (Amuc_0724) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 ACD04561.1
QTD81353.1		 A0A2N8IRP0
B2UQ26		 6T2N[AAA,BBB] 3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (Amuc_0875) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 ACD04708.1
QTD81496.1		 B2UQH3   3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (Amuc_2108) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 ACD05917.1
QTD80613.1		 B2UPN9   3
 β-agarase (AgaG1;Orf1) (extracellular) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Alteromonas sp. GNUM-1 AGW43026.1 U3PAU3   15
 agarose endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (NBT05_09020) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Aquimarina sp. ERC-38 UZO82602.1     15
 laminarinase (LamAQ) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Aquimarina sp. SCSIO21287 QTJ02336.1
CAB3219765.1		 A0A6F9D674
A0A8A6LZD2		 6JH5[A]
6JHJ[A]
6JIA[A]
6M6P[A] 		3
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus altitudinis YC-9 / CGMCC 4314 AFX61538.1 K7XFI7   21
 lichenase A (BglA) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ATCC 15841/BE20/78 AAA87323.1 P07980   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bgl) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ATCC 23350 AAO43052.1 Q84F88   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bgl) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS5582 ACC77699.1 B2MVK2   21
 endo-β-1-3(4)-glucanase (BglA) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Bacillus licheniformis AAQ67340.1
AAN64132.1
AAO18342.1		 Q6UNS4
Q84GK1
Q8GMY0		   21
 lichenase / β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bg1;LicA) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus licheniformis CAA40547.1 P27051 1GBG[A]
3D6E[A,B] 		21
 lichenase A (Bga1) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes) N137 CAA78135.1 Q45648   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase / lichenase (Bgi) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus sp. A3 AAN85732.1 Q6YAT3   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bg1314) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus sp. SJ-10 AFI57215.1 I1W007   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (partial) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus subtilis MA139 ABV44607.1 A8CGP1   21
 lichenase (Beg1;E-LICHN) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus subtilis NCIB 8565 AAB05759.1 Q45691   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus subtilis SU40 AEK21297.1 G0YW23   21
 lichenase (BglS;LicS;Bgl;BSU39070) 3.2.1.73 doi
 Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168 CAA86922.1
AAM08358.1
AIY95225.1
AQR83949.1
AQR88164.1
CAA25328.1
CAB15943.1
CAJ15097.1
NP_391786.1		 A0A6M3ZHM3
P04957
Q8RMP0		 3O5S[A] 21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bgl5-1) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus tequilensis CGX5-1 AFS68803.1 K0A689   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Gcs2;GCS2) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Bacillus velezensis S2 ALE32755.1 A0A0M4NIK2   21
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (CGC64_00690) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 ASM64645.1 A5ZIF0 6T2O[AAA,BBB]
6T2P[AAA,BBB]
6T2Q[AAA,BBB] 		3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (CGC64_00695) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 ASM64646.1     3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (CGC64_17650) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 ASM67518.1 A0A174TK78 6T2R[AAA] 3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (BF4058) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 CAH09732.1 Q5L861   3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (BF4060) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 CAH09734.1 A0A380YTM4
A0A3E5CV05
Q5L859		 6T2S[AAA,BBB,CCC] 3
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (BoGH16MLG; BACOVA_02741; Bovatus_03149) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 ALJ47757.1
EDO11532.1		 A0A1Y4PXW9
A7LY25		 5NBO[A,B]
5NBP[A,B]
6VHO[AAA,BBB]
7KR6[A] 		3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (BtGH16; H207DRAFT_02227) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron NLAE-zl-H207 WP_072066679.1     3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (BT2824) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 AAO77930.1
NP_811736.1		 Q8A3Y0   3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (BuGH16; BACUNI_01486) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492 ZP_02070069.1     3
 endo-β-agarase (NP1_8; BuGH16B) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Bacteroides uniformis NP1     5T9X[B,C]
5T9X[A] 		16
 MLG endo-β-1,3-glucosidase (BpGH16MLG; E5259_00905) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Blautia producta DSM 2950 QMW76264.1     3
 lichenase (BglBB) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Brevibacillus brevis ALK36 AAA22265.1 P37073   21
 bifunctional laminarinase / lichenase (Calkro_0072) 3.2.1.6
3.2.1.73		 pubmed
pubmed
 Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis 2002 ADQ44988.1     3
 bi-functional exo-β-1,3-glucanase and endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (Calkro_0111) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis 2002 ADQ45027.1 E4SCH2   3
 bifunctional laminarinase / lichenase (Lam16A) (partial) 3.2.1.6
3.2.1.73		 pubmed
 Caldicellulosiruptor sp. F32 ALP73406.1     3
 β-agarase (YM01-1) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Catenovulum agarivorans YM01 AIT14660.1 A0A286PT85   15
 β-agarase (YM01-3) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Catenovulum agarivorans YM01 AGU13985.1 T1WFD0   16
 β-1,3-glucanase II (BglII) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Cellulosimicrobium cellulans LL-G109 / DSM10297 / DK-1 AAC38290.1
AAB39377.1
AAB39378.1
AAB47151.1
AAB47152.1
AAB47153.1
AEK80404.1
EU589324		 G1ED17
O68641		 3ATG[A] 3
 β-1,3-glucanase IIa (BglIIA) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Cellulosimicrobium cellulans LL-G109 DSM10297 AAC44371.1 Q51333   3
 GlcNAc-α-1,4-Gal-releasing endo-β-galactosidase (GngC) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Clostridium perfringens ATCC 10543 BAB69460.1 Q934G8 1UPS[A,B] 24
 endo-β-galactosidase C (EndGalC) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Clostridium perfringens ATCC 10873 BAA97991.1
ABH92542.1		 Q9KWF3   8
 κ-carrageenase (Ce384; CeCgkA; CWS31_006650) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Colwellia echini A3 TYK66269.1
WP_148747726.1		     17
 b-/k-carrgeenase / furcellaranase (Ce385; CWS31_006655) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Colwellia echini A3 TYK66270.1     13
 b-/k-carrgeenase / furcellaranase (Ce387; CWS31_006665) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Colwellia echini A3 TYK66272.1     13
 β-1,3-glucanase (LamC; Glca1; COCOR_01711) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Corallococcus coralloides DSM 2259 AFE08907.1     3
 lichenase / endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (TF-glucanase;Fisuc_2961;FSU_0226) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85 AAA24896.1
ACR92625.1
ACR92630.1
ACR92631.1
ACR92632.1
ACR92633.1
ACR92636.1
ACR92637.1
ACX76541.1
ADL24776.1		 P17989 1MVE[A]
1ZM1[A,B]
2R49[A]
2R4A[A]
3AXD[A,B]
3AXE[A]
3H0O[A]
3HR9[A] 		25
 β-agarase (Aga3027) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Flammeovirga sp. OC4 AJW82061.1 A0A0D5CQX1   16
 β-agarase (Aga4436) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Flammeovirga sp. OC4 AJW82062.1 A0A0D5CRP8   16
 β-agarase (AgaB) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Flammeovirga sp. SJP92 ANN44251.1 A0A193DR42   16
 β-agarase (AgaG4) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Flammeovirga yaeyamensis MY04 ACY02061.1
ACA05043.1		 B1A1A8
D0PR18		   16
 agarase (AgaYT) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Flammeovirga yaeyamensis YT AEK80424.1 G0ZDR5   16
 b-/k-carrageenase / furcellaranase 16A (OUC-FaGH16A; LXH21_14795) 3.2.1.83
3.2.1.-		 pubmed
pubmed
 Flavobacterium algicola MBE-1 MCG9793741.1     13
 b-/k-carrageenase / furcellaranase 16B (OUC-FaGH16B; LXH21_14810) 3.2.1.83
3.2.1.-		 pubmed
pubmed
 Flavobacterium algicola MBE-1 MCG9793744.1     13
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Glc4221-1) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Flavobacterium sp. 4221 ABW02990.1 B4XEK5   3
 laminarinase / β-1,3-glucanase (ULam111) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Flavobacterium sp. UMI-01 BAX84062.1 A0A1Y1CVU5 5WUT[A,B] 3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (FaGH16A; BN863_18740) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Formosa agariphila KMM 3901 CDF79586.1 T2KMB6   3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Orf00540) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Formosa algae KMM 3553 AJF35005.1 A0A0B5GQL6   3
 β-agarase (AgaJ11) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Gayadomonas joobiniege G7 WP_040459371.1     16
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (PlGH16; HMPREF1991_02176) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Hoylesella loescheii DSM 19665 = JCM 12249 = ATCC 15930 KDR51762.1 A0A069QGH0   3
 β-agarase (AgaY) (extracellular) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Janthinobacterium sp. SY12 ABO93616.2
ABO93616.1		 A4UMV9   16
 β-1,3-glucanase (GluA;LpGluA) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Laceyella putida JAM-FM3001 BAR92731.1 A0A0P0UPC6   3
 β-1,3-glucanase A (GluA) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Lysobacter enzymogenes N4-7 AAN77503.1 Q8GCZ7   3
 β-1,3-glucanase C (GluC) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Lysobacter enzymogenes N4-7 AAN77505.1 Q8GCZ5   3
 agarase (AgaA3) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Microbulbifer agarilyticus JAMB-A3 BAE06228.1 Q4LFA5   16
 β-agarase (AgaA7) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Microbulbifer elongatus JAMB-A7 BAC99022.1 Q76DQ8   16
 β-agarase (AgaA; MtAgaA) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Microbulbifer thermotolerans JAMB-A94 BAD29947.1
BAK08910.1		 Q6F4N4 3WZ1[A] 16
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase BglBC1 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Niallia circulans ATCC 21367 AAG53947.1 Q9APD8   21
 β-1,3(4)-glucanase M (BglM) 3.2.1.39
3.2.1.6
3.2.1.73		 pubmed
pubmed
pubmed
 Niallia circulans IAM1165 BAC06195.1 Q8KKH3   3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase H (BglH) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Niallia circulans IAM1165 AAC60453.1
BAA04469.1		 Q45095   3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase A / A1 (GlcA) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Niallia circulans WL-12 AAA22474.1 P23903   3
 β-1,3-glucanase F (BglF) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Nocardiopsis sp. F96 BAE54302.1 Q2V0H0 2HYK[A] 3
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase / lichenase (Lic16A) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Paenibacillus barcinonensis BP-23 AIU68830.1 A0A097QQT4   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (PbBglu16A) (Bglu16A) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Paenibacillus barengoltzii CAU904 AKU79213.1 A0A0K1P4J7   3
 lichenase M (Bgi) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Paenibacillus macerans CAA39426.1
AAO66468.1		 P23904
Q846Q0		 1AXK[B]
1BYH[A]
1CPM[A]
1CPN[A]
1MAC[A,B]
1U0A[A,B,C,D]
2AYH[A] 		21
 lichenase (GluB) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842 CAA40379.1 P45797   21
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase P2 (LicP;GluB) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Paenibacillus polymyxa SC2 / WY100 ABZ80848.1
AAG02415.1
ABR92325.1
ABR92326.1
ABR92327.1
ABR92328.1		 B1A0K8
B3F173
B3F176
Q9FDC9		   21
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (LamA) 3.2.1.39
3.2.1.6		 pubmed
pubmed
 Paenibacillus sp. CCRC 17245 ABJ15796.1 Q000P7   3
 endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase (Bgl) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Paenibacillus sp. f-40 ABD94065.1 A0ERJ1   21
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (PglA) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Paenibacillus sp. S09 AFO67889.1 I7DGV4   3
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (PlicA) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Paenibacillus sp. S09 AGK07610.1 M9XGK2   21
 κ-carrageenase (Ph1664) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 WP_106404066.1     13
 β-carrageenase (Ph1656) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 WP_082768866.1
QEP52094.1		 A0A5C2IE10   13
 β-carrageenase (Ph1663) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 WP_082768819.1
QEP52096.1		     13
 exo-β-carrageenase (Ph1675) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 QEP52098.1
WP_082768820.1		     13
 κ-carrageenase (Ph1664) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 QEP52097.1     17
 β-agarase (Ph1631) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 QEP52092.1     16
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Glc4236-1) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Pedobacter sp. 4236 ABW02992.1 B4XEK7   3
 κ-carrageenase (CgkA; CgK) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Pedobacter sp. NJ-02 ASA33936.1     17
 neoagarabiose-producing β-agarase (PdAgaC) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Persicobacter sp. CCB-QB2 WP_053404800.1   6AII[A] 16
 β-porphyranase (BpGH16B; BACPLE_01689) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Phocaeicola plebeius DSM 17135 EDY95423.1 B5CY92 4AWD[A,B] 12
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