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Glycoside Hydrolase Family 16

Activities in Family[retaining] β-1,3-glucanosyltransglucosidase (EC 2.4.1.-);
β-transglycosidase (EC 2.4.1.-);
Chitin β-1,3/1,6-glucanosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.-);
Xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase (EC 2.4.1.207);
GlcNAc-α-1,4-Gal-releasing endo-β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.-);
[retaining] β-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.-);
α-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.-);
β-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.-);
Endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.-);
Keratan-sulfate endo-β-1,4-galactosidase / keratanase (EC 3.2.1.103);
Xyloglucan-specific endo-β-1,4-glucanase / endo-xyloglucanase (EC 3.2.1.151);
[retaining] β-porphyranase (EC 3.2.1.178);
Endo-β-1,3-galactanase (EC 3.2.1.181);
β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21);
β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23);
Hyaluronidase / hyaluronoglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.35);
Endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.39);
Endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase / lichenase-laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.6);
Lichenase / endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.73);
β-agarase (EC 3.2.1.81);
κ-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.83);
Mechanism Retaining e
ClanGH-B
3D Structure Statusβ-jelly roll
Catalytic Nucleophile/BaseGlu (experimental)
Catalytic Proton DonorGlu (experimental)
NoteMany members have been assigned to subfamilies as described by Viborg et al. (2019) J Biol Chem. 2019 Sep 9 (PMID: 31501245).
External resourcesCAZypedia; HOMSTRAD; PRINTS; PROSITE; XTH-World;
Commercial Enzyme Provider(s)MEGAZYME; NZYTech; PROZOMIX;
Statistics GenBank accession (20310); Uniprot accession (249); PDB accession (112); 3D entries (55); cryst (1)
Summary
Download GH16 (35779) Taxonomic display Structure (55 - 1 cryst) Characterized (241)
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
Bacteria
Protein Name EC#ReferenceOrganismGenBank UniprotPDB/3D Subf
 β-agarase (BACPLE_01670) (BpGH16A) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Phocaeicola plebeius DSM 17135 EDY95404.1 B5CY73   16
 β-porphyranase (BACPLE_01703) 3.2.1.178 doi
 Phocaeicola plebeius DSM 17135 EDY95437.1   8EP4[A,B,C]
8EW1[A,B,C] 		14
 β-agarase I 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas atlantica ATCC 19262 AAA91888.1 Q59078   16
 endo-α-carrageenase (Patl_0880) 3.2.1.- doi
 Pseudoalteromonas atlantica T6c ABG39406.1     13
 κ-carrageenase (CgkA) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ATCC 43555 CAA50624.1
AAW20552.1		 P43478 1DYP[A]
5OCQ[A,B] 		17
 endo-k-carrageenase (GH16A; EU509_08815) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas fuliginea PS47 KAA1157103.1 A0A833AIZ1   17
 endo-carrageenase (a- and β-carrageenan specific) (GH16B; EU509_08870) 3.2.1.- pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas fuliginea PS47 KAA1157114.1 A0A833AHS5   13
 endo-k-carrageenase (k-carrageenan specific) (CgkA; GH16C; EU509_08960) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas fuliginea PS47 KAA1157131.1 A0A833EK53   17
 β-agarase (AagA) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas gracilis B9 AAF03246.1 Q9RII9   16
 β-agarase (AgaH71) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas hodoensis H7 AIF29515.1 A0A075IP93   16
 β-agarase 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas sp. AG4 ADD60418.1 D7NPL0   16
 β-agarase (AgaA) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Pseudoalteromonas sp. AG52 ADA72015.1 D5G3B2   16
 β-agarase (AgaA) (extracellular) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas sp. CY24 AAN39119.2 Q8GB62   16
 β-agarase (AgaA6) 3.2.1.81 doi
 Pseudoalteromonas sp. JT-6 ACF40223.1 C0J1J2   16
 κ-carrageenase 3.2.1.83 doi
 Pseudoalteromonas sp. LL1 / Pseudoalteromonas porphyrae LL1 ADD92366.1
ADA83458.1		 D2XZ59
D5K195		   17
 κ-carrageenase (Cgk-K142a) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis JAM-K142 BAJ61957.1 E7FKF4   17
 β-porphyranase (AagA) 3.2.1.178 doi
 Pseudomonas sp. ND137 BAB79291.1 Q8VUT1   16
 β-1,3-glucanase B (GluB) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Pseudomonas sp. PE2 BAC16331.1 Q8GRB5   3
 κ-carrageenase (RsCgk; RSSM_05530) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Rhodopirellula sallentina SM41 EMI53032.1     17
 laminarinase (LamR) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Rhodothermus marinus ITI278 AAC69707.1 O52754 3ILN[A,B] 3
 lichenase (BglA) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Rhodothermus marinus ITI378 AAA60459.1 P45798   3
 Rumal_2637 (BglR) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Ruminococcus albus 7 = DSM 20455 ADU23112.1 E6UGI9   21
 lichenase (BglS;Ra0505;CUS_6687) 3.2.1.6
3.2.1.73		 pubmed
pubmed
 Ruminococcus albus 8 EGC02853.1 E9SCT3   21
 β-glucanase (GH9B;GH16A;RUM_05620) (Glc16A) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Ruminococcus champanellensis 18P13 = JCM 17042 CBL16782.1 D4LAY7   21
 xylanase D / lichenase (XynD) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17 AAB26620.1
CAB51934.1		 Q53317
Q9S310		   21
 endo-β-agarase I / B (AgaB;Sde_1175) (Aga16B) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 ABD80437.1
AAT67062.1		 Q21LJ2
Q6DN99		   16
 β-agarase I (Agy1;AgaY1) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Saccharophagus sp. AG21 AFR90184.1 M4HPA5   16
 κ-carrageenase (CgkS) 3.2.1.83 doi
 Shewanella sp. Kz7 AHN05534.1 W8V7X4   17
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Blg32; BleG1_0674) 3.2.1.39 doi
 Shouchella lehensis G1 AIC93282.1
AID45796.1		     3
 endo-β-1,4-glycanase (ExoK;RNGR00010) 3.2.1.21 pubmed
 Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 AAQ87037.1
ACP23283.1		 C3KLJ7
Q6W2I0		   21
 endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (ExoK;SMb20955) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 AAA16048.1
CAC49480.1
NP_437620.1		 P33693   21
 endo-β-1,3-1,4-glycanase (ExsH;SMb20932) 3.2.1.6   Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 AAB64093.1
CAC49455.1
NP_437595.1		 O33680   5
 keratan-sulfate endo-β-galactosidase / keratanase 3.2.1.103 pubmed
 Sphingobacterium multivorum AAD04036.1 Q9ZG90   3
 β-glucanase (STHERM_c13840) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6192 ADN02324.1 E0RUA3   3
 lichenase (BglS) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Streptococcus equinus JB1 CAB07443.1 O07856   21
 β-galactosidase (SSU0587) 3.2.1.23 pubmed
 Streptococcus suis P1/7 CAR45292.1 C5VV31   8
 β-agarase (DagA;SCO3471) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) CAB61795.1
BAA84092.1
CAA29257.1
NP_627674.1		 P07883
Q9S0S0		   16
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Curd1;Curd2;Curd3) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Streptomyces sioyaensis AAF31438.1 Q9L816 3DGT[A] 3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (BglS27) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Streptomyces sp. S27 ACO94508.1 C3VPJ1   3
 laminarinase (Lam1092) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Tamlana sp. PT2-4 UYI35443.1     3
 laminarinase (Lam; TmLam; TM0024) (Lam16) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Thermotoga maritima MSB8 AAD35118.1
AGL48947.1
AHD18205.1
AKE27833.1
NP_227840.1		 Q9WXN1
R4NXC3		 3AZX[A,B]
3AZY[A,B,C,D]
3AZZ[A,B,C,D]
3B00[A,B,C,D]
3B01[A,B,C,D] 		3
 laminarinase A (LamA) (Lam16A) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Thermotoga neapolitana CAA88008.1 Q60039   3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (Lam;TpLam;Tpet_0899) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Thermotoga petrophila RKU-1 ABQ46917.1 A5IL44 4DFS[A,B] 3
 β-agarase (GH16B) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 unclassified Cellvibrio WP_151030830.1     16
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (partial) 3.2.1.39 doi
 uncultured Actinomycetes bacterium UUY86279.1   7EO3[A] 3
 β-agarase (AguF) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 uncultured bacterium AAP49324.1 Q6XRA2   15
 β-agarase I (AguB;AguD;AguK;AguH) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 uncultured bacterium AAP49346.1
AAP49316.1
AAP70365.1
AAP70390.1		 Q6XR80   16
 κ-carrageenase (Car1383) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 uncultured bacterium UOA04105.1     13
 endo-b-(1,3/1,3;1,4)-glucanase (SCLam) (partial) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 uncultured bacterium AJF39933.1 A0A0B5H9B3 6XOF[A]
6XQF[A]
6XQG[A]
6XQH[A]
6XQL[A]
6XQM[A] 		3
 laminarinase / endo-β-1,3-glucanase (FLamB; FnLamB) 3.2.1.39 doi
 uncultured Fervidobacterium sp. SMY18565.1 A0A4D8UY14   3
 laminarinase / endo-β-1,3-glucanase (FLamA) 3.2.1.39 doi
 uncultured Fervidobacterium sp. WP_011994743.1 A7HNF9
H9UBB5		   3
 laminarinase (VbGH16A; B003_13770) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Vibrio breoganii 1C10 OEF87989.1     3
 laminarinase (VbGH16B; B003_13780) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Vibrio breoganii 1C10 OEF87990.1     3
 β-agarase D (AgaD) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Vibrio sp. PO-303 BAF34350.1 Q05KJ8   16
 β-agarase A (AgaA) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Vibrio sp. PO-303 BAF62129.1 A5A6R7   14
 β-agarase (AgaV) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Vibrio sp. V134 ABL06969.1 A1E2B6   16
 β-porphyranase (Por16A; Por16A_Wf; AXE80_06925) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127 ANW96028.1
WP_068825731.1		 A0A1B1Y5K6   11
 b-/k-carrageenase (Cgbk16A; Cgbk16A_Wf; AXE80_10150) 3.2.1.83
3.2.1.-		 pubmed
pubmed
 Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127 WP_083194645.1
ANW96615.1		     13
 κ-carrageenase (Cgk16A) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Wenyingzhuangia sp. OF219 AST13124.1 A0A223FUT7   17
 κ-carrageenase (CgkA;zobellia_236) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ94309.1
AAC27890.1
AAW20553.1
CAH61386.1		 G0L921
O84907		 5OCR[A,B,C,D] 17
 β-porphyranase B (PorB; ZgPorB; AgaH; zobellia_1017) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ95074.1
CBM41181.1		 D7GXF9 3JUU[A,B] 11
 β-porphyranase A (PorA;AgaE;zobellia_2600) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ96750.1
CBM41182.1		 D7GXG0 3ILF[A]
4ATE[A] 		26
 β-porphyranase C (PorC;AgaI;zobellia_3376) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ97514.1
CBM41183.1		 D7GXG1   11
 β-porphyranase D (PorD;AgaF;zobellia_3628) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ97766.1
CBM41184.1		 D7GXG2   12
 β-porphyranase E (PorE;AgaG;zobellia_3640) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ97778.1
CBM41185.1		 D7GXG3   12
 β-agarase D (AgaD;zobellia_4243) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ98378.1
CBM41186.1		 D7GXG4 4ASM[B] 16
 β-agarase C (AgaC; ZgAgaC; zobellia_4267; ZGAL_4267) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ98402.1
CBM41187.1		 D7GXG5 6HY3[A] 15
 laminarinase (LamC; ZgLamC; ZgLamCGH16; zobellia_1010) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ95067.1 G0L2L9 4CRQ[A,B]
4CTE[A,B] 		3
 algal laminarin-specific β-glucanase / laminarinase (LamA; ZgLamA; zobellia_2431) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ96583.1 G0L5X4 4BOW[A,B]
4BPZ[A,B]
4BQ1[A,B] 		3
 β-agarase B (AgaB; ZgAgaB; zobellia_3573) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ97711.1
AAF21821.1
AAO99183.1
CAC07427.1		 Q9RGX8 1O4Z[A,B,C,D]
4ATF[A,B,C,D] 		16
 β-agarase A (AgaA;zobellia_4203) 3.2.1.81 pubmed
 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ98338.1
AAF21820.1
AAO99182.1
AAO99184.1
CAC07425.1		 G0L322
Q9RGX9		 1O4Y[A]
1URX[A] 		16
 κ-carrageenase (CgkZ) 3.2.1.83 pubmed
 Zobellia sp. M-2 / CCTCC M2013256 AGS43006.1 S5U3X4   17
Eukaryota
Protein Name EC#ReferenceOrganismGenBank UniprotPDB/3D Subf
 xyloglucan endotransferase 5 (Xet) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Actinidia deliciosa AAC09388.1
ACD03215.1
CBD24784.1		 C0IRG4
Q38696		   20
 At4g25820 (xyloglucan endotransferase XTR9) (AtXth14) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana CAB39603.1
AAD12249.1
AAM13182.1
AAO30048.1
AEE85118.1
CAB79437.1
CBD24836.1
NP_194312.1		 A0A178UTG4
Q9ZSU4		   20
 xyloglucanase (XTH32;At2g36870) (AtXth32) 3.2.1.151 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana AAD31572.1
AAK76514.1
AAM66089.1
AAM91780.1
AEC09308.1
AEC09309.1
AJD09737.1
NP_181224.1		 A0A0B4UL26
A0A178VWG1
F4IP22
Q9SJL9		   20
 xyloglucanase (XTH31;At3g44990) (AtXth31) 3.2.1.151 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana AAL07012.1
AAM97119.1
AAP13434.1
AEE77976.1
CAA63553.1
CAB89314.1
NP_190085.1		 P93046   20
 At2g06850 (xyloglucan endotransferase EXGT-A1) (AtXth4) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana AAC98464.1
AAD45123.1
AAK96738.1
AAL07050.1
AAL24355.1
AAL47378.1
AAM47963.1
AAM62691.1
AEC06021.1
ANM63024.1
BAA03921.1
BAH20391.1
CBD24829.1
NP_178708.1		 A0A178VUP5
A0A1P8B288
B9DI24
Q39099		   20
 xyloglucan endotransferase (Xth22;Tch4;At5g57560) (AtXth22) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana AAA92363.1
AAC05572.1
AAK56251.1
AAK96616.1
AAL05902.1
AAL38614.1
AAN60350.1
AED96915.1
BAB08791.1
CBD24844.1
NP_200564.1		 A0A178UQX4
Q38857		   20
 At4g14130 (xyloglucan endotransferase XTR7; XTH15)) (AtXth15) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana AAB18368.1
AAK76539.1
AAM64835.1
AAW28549.1
ACH17565.1
AEE83378.1
CAB10192.1
CAB78455.1
CBD24822.1
CBD24834.1
NP_193149.1		 A0A178UV66
Q38911
Q5M726		   20
 At4g30270 (xyloglucan endotransferase Meri-5) (AtXth24) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Arabidopsis thaliana AAK59660.1
AAA32828.1
AAL34201.1
AAM63080.1
AEE85745.1
BAA09783.1
BAF01226.1
BAF02097.1
CAB52471.1
CAB81020.1
CBD24837.1
NP_194756.1		 A0A384LKB4
P24806
P24806
Q0WLB0		   20
 endo-β-1,3-galactanase (NfEn3GAL; NFIA_073000) 3.2.1.181 pubmed
 Aspergillus fischeri NRRL 181 EAW17385.1 A1DDC8   10
 endo-β-1,3-galactanase (Af3G; AFLA_095790) 3.2.1.181 pubmed
 Aspergillus flavus NRRL3357 EED49498.1 B8NKZ6   10
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Eng2; AfEng2; Afu2g14360; AFUA_2g14360) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 EAL93731.1
ACQ08899.1
XP_755769.1		 Q4X084   1
 Asp f 9/16 (Crf1) (cell wall glucanase) 2.4.1.- pubmed
 Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 42202 AAN87849.1
AAC61261.1
CAA11266.1		 O42800
O74682
Q8J0P4
Q8J0P4		 6IBU[A,B]
6IBW[A,B] 		18
 β-glucanase (AN2385.2) 3.2.1.6   Aspergillus nidulans FGSC A4 EAA64496.1 C8VNP1
Q5BAP5		   1
 endo-β-1,3-galactanase (AtEn3GAL; ATETN484_0009051700) 3.2.1.181 pubmed
 Aspergillus terreus GES63830.1
EAU33891.1		     10
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Mlg1) 3.2.1.6 pubmed
 Bipolaris zeicola 367-2A AAC49904.1 O14421   1
 xyloglucan endotransglycosylase 16A (XET16A) 2.4.1.207 pubmed
 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis AAO00727.1 Q6YDN9   20
 β-1,3-endoglucanase (BX-13G-1; BxLAM16A) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Bursaphelenchus xylophilus BAE02683.1
BAE48357.1		 Q4LEU9   3
 β-1,3-glucanase 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Cherax destructor AIX48711.1
AIX48714.1
AIX48714.2		 A0A0A0YYV9   4
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (L0) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Chlamys albidus AAZ04385.1 Q4FCS2   4
 β-porphyranase (CHC_T00009578001; CcGH16-3) 3.2.1.178 pubmed
 Chondrus crispus Stackhouse CDF33251.1     14
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Lam;CaLam) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Cryptopygus antarcticus ACD93221.1
ACV50413.1		 C1IE32   3
 endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Glu16A;TlGlu16A) 3.2.1.73 pubmed
 Evansstolkia leycettana JCM12802 ANC68156.1 A0A168SIC2   1
 endo-β-1,3-galactanase (En3Gal;FvEn3GAL) 3.2.1.181 pubmed
 Flammulina velutipes NBRC 7663 BAK48741.1 F7J1C8   10
 β-1,3-glucanase 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Gecarcoidea natalis AIX48712.1
AIX48713.1		 A0A0A0Z1H0   4
 β-1,3-glucanase (Lam33) 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Haliotis discus hannai BAH84971.1 C6L684   4
 β-1,3-glucanase 1 / GH16betaGRP-1 3.2.1.39 pubmed
 Helicoverpa armigera TOOWOOMBA ABU98621.1 B1NLE1   4
 xyloglucan xyloglucosyltransferase 8 (Xet8;HvXET8;HvXTH8) 2.4.1.207 doi
 Hordeum vulgare ACS13756.1 C5IG71   20
 xyloglucan xyloglucosyltransferase 6 (Xet6;HvXET6;HvXTH6) 2.4.1.207 doi
 Hordeum vulgare ABY79073.1 B1P1S7   20
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