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Glycoside Hydrolase Family 16

Activities in Family[retaining] β-1,3-glucanosyltransglucosidase (EC 2.4.1.-);
β-transglycosidase (EC 2.4.1.-);
Chitin β-1,3/1,6-glucanosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.-);
Xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase (EC 2.4.1.207);
GlcNAc-α-1,4-Gal-releasing endo-β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.-);
[retaining] β-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.-);
α-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.-);
β-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.-);
Endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.-);
Keratan-sulfate endo-β-1,4-galactosidase / keratanase (EC 3.2.1.103);
Xyloglucan-specific endo-β-1,4-glucanase / endo-xyloglucanase (EC 3.2.1.151);
[retaining] β-porphyranase (EC 3.2.1.178);
Endo-β-1,3-galactanase (EC 3.2.1.181);
β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21);
β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23);
Hyaluronidase / hyaluronoglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.35);
Endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.39);
Endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase / lichenase-laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.6);
Lichenase / endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.73);
β-agarase (EC 3.2.1.81);
κ-carrageenase (EC 3.2.1.83);
Mechanism Retaining e
ClanGH-B
3D Structure Statusβ-jelly roll
Catalytic Nucleophile/BaseGlu (experimental)
Catalytic Proton DonorGlu (experimental)
NoteMany members have been assigned to subfamilies as described by Viborg et al. (2019) J Biol Chem. 2019 Sep 9 (PMID: 31501245).
External resourcesCAZypedia; HOMSTRAD; PRINTS; PROSITE; XTH-World;
Commercial Enzyme Provider(s)MEGAZYME; NZYTech; PROZOMIX;
Statistics GenBank accession (20828); Uniprot accession (249); PDB accession (112); 3D entries (55); cryst (1)
Summary
Download GH16 (36338) Taxonomic display Structure (55 - 1 cryst) Characterized (241)
Archaea
Protein Name EC#OrganismGenBankUniprot
PDB/3D Carbohydrate Ligands Resolution (Å)
 Subf
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (LamA; PF0076) (Lam16) 3.2.1.39 Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638 AAC25554.2
AAL80200.1
NP_577805.1		 E7FHE7
O73951
2VY0[A,B] 2.16
3
Bacteria
Protein Name EC#OrganismGenBankUniprot
PDB/3D Carbohydrate Ligands Resolution (Å)
 Subf
 lichenase B (LicB;CtLic16A;Cthe_0211) (Lic16A) 3.2.1.73 Acetivibrio thermocellus ATCC 27405 ABN51452.1
CAA44959.1		 A3DBX3
3WVJ[A,B] 1.95
21
 lichenase A / laminarinase (LicA) (Lic16A) 3.2.1.6
3.2.1.39
3.2.1.73		 Acetivibrio thermocellus DSM 1237 CAA61884.2 Q59328
cryst    
3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (Amuc_0724) 3.2.1.- Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 ACD04561.1
QTD81353.1		 A0A2N8IRP0
B2UQ26
6T2N[AAA,BBB]
3
 Glycoside hydrolase   Aquimarina sp.    
7FGZ[A] 2.20
16
 laminarinase (LamAQ) 3.2.1.39 Aquimarina sp. SCSIO21287 QTJ02336.1
CAB3219765.1		 A0A6F9D674
A0A8A6LZD2
6JH5[A] 1.54
6JHJ[A] 1.69
6JIA[A] α-L-Altp-(1-3)-β-D-Allp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 1.90
6M6P[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 2.27
3
 lichenase / β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bg1;LicA) 3.2.1.73 Bacillus licheniformis CAA40547.1 P27051
1GBG[A] 1.80
3D6E[A,B] 2.40
21
 lichenase (BglS;LicS;Bgl;BSU39070) 3.2.1.73 Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168 CAA86922.1
AAM08358.1
AIY95225.1
AQR83949.1
AQR88164.1
CAA25328.1
CAB15943.1
CAJ15097.1
NP_391786.1		 A0A6M3ZHM3
P04957
Q8RMP0
3O5S[A] 2.20
21
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (BACCAC_02680; CGC64_00690) 3.2.1.- Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 ASM64645.1 A5ZIF0
6T2O[AAA,BBB]
6T2P[AAA,BBB]
6T2Q[AAA,BBB]
3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (BACCAC_03717; CGC64_17650) 3.2.1.- Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 ASM67518.1 A0A174TK78
6T2R[AAA]
3
 O-glycan endo-β-1,4-galactosidase (BF4060) 3.2.1.- Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 CAH09734.1 A0A380YTM4
A0A3E5CV05
Q5L859
6T2S[AAA,BBB,CCC]
3
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (BoGH16MLG; BACOVA_02741; Bovatus_03149) 3.2.1.6 Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 ALJ47757.1
EDO11532.1		 A0A1Y4PXW9
A7LY25
5NBO[A,B] 1.80
5NBP[A,B] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.80
6VHO[AAA,BBB]
7KR6[A]
3
 endo-β-agarase (NP1_8; BuGH16B) 3.2.1.81 Bacteroides uniformis NP1    
5T9X[B,C] 2.50
5T9X[A] 2.50
16
 β-1,3-glucanase II (BglII) 3.2.1.39 Cellulosimicrobium cellulans LL-G109 / DSM10297 / DK-1 AAC38290.1
AAB39377.1
AAB39378.1
AAB47151.1
AAB47152.1
AAB47153.1
AEK80404.1
EU589324		 G1ED17
O68641
3ATG[A] 1.66
3
 GlcNAc-α-1,4-Gal-releasing endo-β-galactosidase (GngC) 3.2.1.- Clostridium perfringens ATCC 10543 BAB69460.1 Q934G8
1UPS[A,B] 1.82
24
 lichenase / endo-β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (TF-glucanase;Fisuc_2961;FSU_0226) 3.2.1.73 Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85 AAA24896.1
ACR92625.1
ACR92630.1
ACR92631.1
ACR92632.1
ACR92633.1
ACR92636.1
ACR92637.1
ACX76541.1
ADL24776.1		 P17989
1MVE[A] 1.70
1ZM1[A,B] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 2.30
2R49[A] 2.20
2R4A[A] 1.70
3AXD[A,B] 1.53
3AXE[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
 1.53
3H0O[A] 1.40
3HR9[A] 1.70
25
 laminarinase / β-1,3-glucanase (ULam111) 3.2.1.39 Flavobacterium sp. UMI-01 BAX84062.1 A0A1Y1CVU5
5WUT[A,B] 1.60
3
 β-agarase (AgaA; MtAgaA) 3.2.1.81 Microbulbifer thermotolerans JAMB-A94 BAD29947.1
BAK08910.1		 Q6F4N4
3WZ1[A] 1.60
16
 MAP_1661c / MAP1661c   Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis K-10 AAS03978.1
NP_960595.1		  
4XXP[A] 1.60
9
 β-1,3-glucanase (MMAR_2902)   Mycobacterium marinum M ACC41342.1  
4PQ9[A,B] 1.20
9
 Rv0315   Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv CAB09586.1
AFN48170.1
CCP43045.1
NP_214829.1		  
4WZF[A,B] 1.70
9
 MAB_1840c   Mycobacteroides abscessus ATCC 19977 CAM61923.1  
5DXD[A,B] 1.70
9
 MFORT_18233   Mycolicibacterium fortuitum subsp. fortuitum DSM 46621 = ATCC 6841 = JCM 6387 EJZ11896.1  
4W65[A] 1.38
9
 MSMEG_5345   Mycolicibacterium smegmatis MC2 155 ABK72351.1
AFP41643.1
AIU10372.1		  
3RQ0[A] 2.02
9
 SAMEA4412656_04659 (GlcA)   Mycolicibacterium thermoresistibile NCTC10409 SNW20786.1  
4XDQ[A] 1.35
9
 β-1,3-glucanase F (BglF) 3.2.1.39 Nocardiopsis sp. F96 BAE54302.1 Q2V0H0
2HYK[A] 1.30
3
 lichenase M (Bgi) 3.2.1.73 Paenibacillus macerans CAA39426.1
AAO66468.1		 P23904
Q846Q0
1AXK[B] 2.10
1BYH[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-1)-<non_carb>
 2.80
1CPM[A] 2.00
1CPN[A] 1.80
1MAC[A,B] 2.30
1U0A[A,B,C,D] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.64
2AYH[A] 1.60
21
 ORF   Pedobacter sp.    
7WWC[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 2.20
7WW4[A] 2.23
3
 neoagarabiose-producing β-agarase (PdAgaC) 3.2.1.81 Persicobacter sp. CCB-QB2 WP_053404800.1  
6AII[A] 1.63
16
 β-porphyranase (BpGH16B; BACPLE_01689) 3.2.1.178 Phocaeicola plebeius DSM 17135 EDY95423.1 B5CY92
4AWD[A,B] 2.40
12
 β-porphyranase (BACPLE_01703) 3.2.1.178 Phocaeicola plebeius DSM 17135 EDY95437.1  
8EP4[A,B,C] 1.94
8EW1[A,B,C] β-D-3-deoxy-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-Galp6SO3-(1-3)-β-D-Galp
 1.80
14
 κ-carrageenase (CgkA) 3.2.1.83 Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ATCC 43555 CAA50624.1
AAW20552.1		 P43478
1DYP[A] 1.54
5OCQ[A,B] unknown-(1-3)-β-D-Galp4SO3-(1-1)-<non_carb>
 1.70
17
 laminarinase (LamR) 3.2.1.6
3.2.1.39		 Rhodothermus marinus ITI278 AAC69707.1 O52754
3ILN[A,B] 1.95
3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (Curd1;Curd2;Curd3) 3.2.1.39 Streptomyces sioyaensis AAF31438.1 Q9L816
3DGT[A] 1.50
3
 laminarinase (Lam; TmLam; TM0024) (Lam16) 3.2.1.39 Thermotoga maritima MSB8 AAD35118.1
AGL48947.1
AHD18205.1
AKE27833.1
NP_227840.1		 Q9WXN1
R4NXC3
3AZX[A,B] 1.80
3AZY[A,B,C,D] 1.65
3AZZ[A,B,C,D] α-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp
 1.81
3B00[A,B,C,D] 1.74
3B01[A,B,C,D] 1.87
3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase / laminarinase (Lam;TpLam;Tpet_0899) 3.2.1.39 Thermotoga petrophila RKU-1 ABQ46917.1 A5IL44
4DFS[A,B] 3.75
3
 endo-β-1,3-glucanase (partial) 3.2.1.39 uncultured Actinomycetes bacterium UUY86279.1  
7EO3[A] 1.14
3
 endo-b-(1,3/1,3;1,4)-glucanase (SCLam) (partial) 3.2.1.6 uncultured bacterium AJF39933.1 A0A0B5H9B3
6XOF[A] 1.50
6XQF[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 1.58
6XQG[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 2.15
6XQH[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 1.57
6XQL[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 1.97
6XQM[A] α-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 1.85
3
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase / lichenase (Bgl14A1)   uncultured murine large bowel bacterium BAC 14 AAX16366.1  
3I4I[A,B] 1.89
21
 κ-carrageenase (CgkA;zobellia_236) 3.2.1.83 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ94309.1
AAC27890.1
AAW20553.1
CAH61386.1		 G0L921
O84907
5OCR[A,B,C,D] 1.66
17
 β-porphyranase B (PorB; ZgPorB; AgaH; zobellia_1017) 3.2.1.178 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ95074.1
CBM41181.1		 D7GXF9
3JUU[A,B] 1.80
11
 β-porphyranase A (PorA;AgaE;zobellia_2600) 3.2.1.178 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ96750.1
CBM41182.1		 D7GXG0
3ILF[A] β-L-Galp6SO3-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-Galp6SO3-(1-3)-α-D-Galp
 1.80
4ATE[A] 1.10
26
 β-agarase D (AgaD;zobellia_4243) 3.2.1.81 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ98378.1
CBM41186.1		 D7GXG4
4ASM[B] 1.50
16
 β-agarase C (AgaC; ZgAgaC; zobellia_4267; ZGAL_4267) 3.2.1.81 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ98402.1
CBM41187.1		 D7GXG5
6HY3[A] 1.30
15
 laminarinase (LamC; ZgLamC; ZgLamCGH16; zobellia_1010) 3.2.1.39 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ95067.1 G0L2L9
4CRQ[A,B] 1.50
4CTE[A,B] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp1SH
β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp1SH
 1.80
3
 algal laminarin-specific β-glucanase / laminarinase (LamA; ZgLamA; zobellia_2431) 3.2.1.39 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ96583.1 G0L5X4
4BOW[A,B] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.35
4BPZ[A,B] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 1.13
4BQ1[A,B] 1.50
3
 β-agarase B (AgaB; ZgAgaB; zobellia_3573) 3.2.1.81 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ97711.1
AAF21821.1
AAO99183.1
CAC07427.1		 Q9RGX8
1O4Z[A,B,C,D] 2.30
4ATF[A,B,C,D] α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp
 1.90
16
 β-agarase A (AgaA;zobellia_4203) 3.2.1.81 Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT CAZ98338.1
AAF21820.1
AAO99182.1
AAO99184.1
CAC07425.1		 G0L322
Q9RGX9
1O4Y[A] 1.48
1URX[A] α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp
α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp
α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp-(1-3)-β-D-Galp-(1-4)-α-L-3,6-anhydro-Galp
 1.7
16
Eukaryota
Protein Name EC#OrganismGenBankUniprot
PDB/3D Carbohydrate Ligands Resolution (Å)
 Subf
 Asp f 9/16 (Crf1) (cell wall glucanase) 2.4.1.- Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 42202 AAN87849.1
AAC61261.1
CAA11266.1		 O42800
O74682
Q8J0P4
Q8J0P4
6IBU[A,B] 2.25
6IBW[A,B] β-D-GlcpNAc-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc
β-D-GlcpNAc-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc
 2.80
18
 exo-β-1,3-glucosyltransferase / elongating β-transglucosylase (Bgt16A;PtBgt16A) 2.4.1.- Paecilomyces sp. thermophila / Paecilomyces thermophila J18 ARV79861.1 A0A1S4NYE9
A0A1Z1G6S7
5JVV[A,B] 1.59
1
 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (PtLic16A) (Lic16A) 3.2.1.73 Paecilomyces sp. thermophila / Paecilomyces thermophila J18 ADK55597.1 E0XN39
3WDT[A,B,C,D] 1.98
3WDU[A,B,C,D] β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
 2.25
3WDV[A,B,C,D] β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
 1.94
3WDW[A,B] 1.80
3WDX[A,B] β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.90
3WDY[A,B,C,D] β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
 1.94
1
 β-1,3-1,6- / β-1,3-1,4-glucan hydrolase (laminarinase) (Lam16A) 3.2.1.6 Phanerochaete chrysosporium K-3 BAC67687.1 Q874E3
2CL2[A] 1.35
2W39[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.10
2W52[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-6)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.56
2WLQ[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp
 1.40
2WNE[A] β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-α-D-Glcp
 2.12
1
 xyloglucan endotransglycosylase 16A (PttXET16-34;XTH16-34) (Xet16A) 2.4.1.207 Populus tremula x Populus tremuloides AAN87142.1
CBD24810.1		 Q8GZD5
1UMZ[A,B] β-D-Galp-(1-2)-α-D-Xylp-(1-6)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-D-1-deoxy-Glcp
 1.8
1UN1[A,B] 2.1
20
 xyloglucanase (NXG1;NXET) (formerly xyloglucan endotransferase 1) 3.2.1.151 Tropaeolum majus CAA48324.1 Q07524
2UWA[A,B,C] 1.8
2UWB[A,B] 2.0
2UWC[A,B] 2.30
2VH9[A,B] β-D-Galp-(1-2)-α-D-Xylp-(1-6)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[β-D-Galp-(1-2)-α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-4)-GLU
 2.1
20
 broad-specificity endo-(xylo)glucanase (VVEG16) 3.2.1.73
3.2.1.151		 Vitis vinifera XP_002273975.1 F6I323
5DZE[A] β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-α-D-Glcp
 0.97
5DZF[A,B] β-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-α-D-Glcp
β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-3)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-α-D-Glcp
 1.65
5DZG[A,B] α-D-Xylp-(1-6)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-α-D-Glcp
α-D-Xylp-(1-6)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-α-D-Glcp
 1.79
5SV8[A] α-D-Xylp-(1-6)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)[α-D-Xylp-(1-6)]-β-D-Glcp-(1-4)-β-D-Glcp
 1.59
27
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